A recent study conducted by experts from the IIT Mandi and IIT Jammu has revealed that groundwater in Himachal Pradesh's Baddi-Barotiwala industrial area contains carcinogenic content that can pose high health risks to both adults and children residing in the region.
As per the research findings, industrial units located in the area have been discharging untreated effluents containing toxic heavy metals like nickel, chromium, zinc and lead. Over the years, this hazardous waste has permeated into the groundwater reserves in the region, resulting in contamination. Samples collected and analyzed during the study were found to exceed permissible limits for these chemicals.
Notably, Baddi-Barotiwala is the largest industrial hub in Himachal Pradesh, hosting over 90% of the state's manufacturing units. Researchers pointed out that lack of effective enforcement has allowed industrial units to discharge toxic waste directly into streams and drains, with them ultimately seeping into underground aquifers. Unless urgent remedial actions are taken, the IIT experts warn that the region could see a rise in cancer cases and other diseases like those affecting the renal system, similar to parts of South-Western Punjab.
Key findings of the study indicate high carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for both adult and pediatric populations from exposure to heavy metals via daily groundwater consumption. While cancer-causing pollutants like nickel and chromium were traced to industrial activities, other naturally present metals like uranium were also detected.
In order to curb health hazards, the researchers have recommended improved treatment of industrial effluents before disposal as well as regular monitoring of groundwater quality. They have also prepared detailed contamination maps to pinpoint hotspots and assess spatial variation in risk levels across villages. Considering the alarming revelations, immediate steps are needed from authorities to balance industrial growth with public health priorities in the region.
