Despite the health benefits of sun protection, recent research reveals some concerning effects that popular sunscreen ingredients may be having on delicate ocean ecosystems. As summer beach trips and outdoor activities hit their peak, learn how to choose a product that shields you from UV rays without damaging coral reefs or other marine life in the process.
Studies show certain chemical UV filters commonly found in sunscreens, such as oxybenzone, can induce rapid coral bleaching when released into tropical waters. There is also evidence these compounds may accumulate in fish and marine mammals, potentially causing DNA damage, oxidative stress and other toxicity issues.
Where does it come from? Be aware that up to 25% of the sunscreen applied to skin washes off within 20 minutes of swimming. But wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove many sunscreen chemicals, introducing another pathway into rivers and oceans. Proper sun protection should not come at the cost of jeopardizing fragile ocean environments.
When choosing a sunscreen, look for mineral options containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, which research suggests have fewer adverse environmental effects compared to chemical formulas. Be wary of marketing buzzwords like “reef-safe” that are not regulated – check the active ingredients yourself. Sprays should also be avoided due to particles that don't all land on skin.
With dedicated reform, sunscreens can continue to shield beachgoers from UV harm while embracing greener formulations that are safer for marine species and habitats. Increased transparency from brands and stronger oversight could help guide concerned consumers towards products that offer effective sun protection without polluting precious coastal waters. Our ocean ecosystems deserve protection from preventable threats – with some diligence, we can look out for both environments and enjoy the sun safely.
